Mrsa free essay sample

MRSA in the Community According to Mosby’s Medical, Nursing, and Allied Health Dictionary (2002), Methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), is a gram positive bacterial that is normally found on the skin and in the throat, and is a life threatening staphylococcal infection that may arise within hospitals, and â€Å"is frequently responsible for abscesses, endocarditis, impetigo, osteomyelitis, pneumonia, and septicemia. Treatment usually includes bed rest, analgesics, and an anti-microbial drug that is resistant to penicillinase, an enzyme secreted by many species of staphylococcus. This writer will discuss the history of MRSA, article reviewed, community described in article, means to address the problem, and ethical issues resulting from not addressing this issue. Furthermore, this writer will use Orem’s nursing model and theories to propose nursing intervention to address the community health concern. History of MRSA According to Stanhope and Lancaster, (2008), infectious diseases are the number one cause of death worldwide, and in the United States, infectious diseases account for 25% of all physician visits each year, organisms once susceptible to antibiotics are becoming increasingly drug resistant, and results in vulnerability to diseases thought no longer to be a threat. We will write a custom essay sample on Mrsa or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page According to an article published by USA Today, methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) became evident after two decades of using penicillin, the germs began to change to resist the antibiotics, and by the 1990s, MRSA was common in hospitals and was spreading to our communities (p. 861). Furthermore, Stanhope and Lancaster advises that according to the Center for Disease Control (2002), â€Å"Community associated MRSA has caused outbreaks in several states and is now the target of a public health awareness campaign to prevent antimicrobial resistance

12 Signs Youre Underselling Your Freelance Writing Services

12 Signs Youre Underselling Your Freelance Writing Services Youre living the dream as a freelance writerexcept its less like a dream and more like a nightmare. Barely scraping by, exhausted, resentful, hating writing even though you used to love it and at one tie thought that this would be the perfect job. What happened? Where did things go wrong? Chances are pretty good that it can be traced back to one simple cause: youre underselling your freelance writing services. Are You Underselling Your Freelance Writing Services? There are 12 signs youre underselling your freelance writing services and you might be surprised at how many you can identify with. If you find one that you know youre guilty of, tweet it and help out your fellow freelance writers. Maybe its time you considered raising your prices. 1. You havent raised your prices in a while. Are you still using those super-competitive 1970s prices? A year or two or five goes by quickly.  Its easy to forget that you need to revisit your pricing and consider upping it to meet current industry levels. You need to make a living in the 21st century, not the 20th. Your prices must reflect that. Of course, maybe you already know this but you hate to inform current clients of price increases because youre afraid to lose them, or dread their response. How do you go about raising prices and setting your minimum acceptable rate? Youll need information. Whats the going rate in your area for what youre doing? How much money do you need to live? What are your business expenses? How much work do you currently have? Is more available? Knowing your clients, how many do you think will go away after a price raise? How many will stay? Once you know the facts (with #4 being an educated guess), uniformly raise your prices to be competitive and contact all of your clients. Be careful about giving one client a deal and not another; word gets around. Consider this strange thought: sometimes higher prices bring you into a new bracket of clients and can actually open doors for you that your lower prices would not. Mistake 1: You havent raised your prices in the past two years. 2. You are overloaded and overwhelmed with work. Youre working more than you ever did andmaking less. You could write a magazine article for $500 or you could write 25 blog posts for $20. While the magazine article will take hard work, it is one project, one client, one deadline, and one (if you want to think of it this way) headache. 25 blog posts means 25 deadlines, 25 clients, and a lot more management time as well as topics you need to write about. Its your choice: take every little low-priced piece of work that comes your way, or draw a line in the sand as a standard that you wont go below and stick by it. And that line? It has to be a livable line, i.e. enough money to live off of with a reasonable amount of time left for enjoying life. Mistake 2: Youre working more, but earning less. 3. Your clients dont even attempt to negotiate. Were not saying you should pick prices that are high enough to make your clients stop breathing when you announce them, but if you notice that your prices dont even make them pause and try to negotiate, maybe youre aiming too low. Negotiation isnt a sign that someone thinks youre trying to rip them off and that they need to get your pricing back in line. Instead, its a sign that they actually want your product, and are willing to do a little work to see if they cant get it on their terms. Negotiation is sometimes the sign of someone sticking around, not someone leaving. Dont set prices low so as to avoid negotiation. Set them higher to be in a better position for it. Mistake 3: Your clients dont attempt to negotiate. 4. Youre satisfied with less money and think exposure will pay the bills. Well sure, money sounds great. But if you lower the bar so that we can only pay you $10 dollars for your magazine article but youll get exposure doesnt raise alarm bells, you arent going to be freelancing for long. Youll be working a regular job and writing on the side. Small (or no) payment writing is often tagged with the promise of exposure. What is the price on that? Can you put exposure in your savings account? Evaluate just how valuable exposure is, and if the exposure a client promises can actually benefit you. Freelance writing will cover many topics. Many of the things youll write about will be wholly unrelated to each other, and to you as a writer. Exposure in that genre doesnt mean much. The clients audience probably doesnt care about you.  Is the audience of this client interested in finding a freelance writer, or are they interested in the topic? If its the latter, they dont care who you are and what you do, and never will. They are the clients fans, not your fans. Dont forget youre the hired pen. The client needs your output, not you personally. Letting their audience know about your output is a nice ego boost, but it wont bring much back to you. That sounds harsh, but when you are earning your living, you dont have time for ego boosts. Rethink how you think about money. Understand the difference between a pittance and a paycheck. Mistake 4: Youll take less money and bank on exposure to pay the bills. Your time has value. Stop giving it away for free. 5. You have yet to equate time with money. Time = money. You have limited time. You determine what that time is worth. If you dont understand this, youll never appreciate how those low-priced freelance projects are actually a loss, and not real income. Youll only make a success out of taking low-paying jobs if you never sleep and have discovered a 30-hour day. For the rest of us, we must look at projects not only in terms of the money, but the time it is going to take us to earn that money and if it is worth it. How much time do you need for your family? How much time do you need for yourself to recharge? How much time do you have available if youre working a part-time job? Its all an equation, and youd better do the calculations because your time is definitely limited. Itd be a shame to trade an hour for $15 when someone else would have given you $50. If you dont understand that time equals money, youll get to know sleep-deprived exhaustion well, and mistake it for earning a living. Mistake 5: You dont equate time with money. 6. You dont think youre an expert. Ever thought anything like this? Im not good enough to write about that. I dont know enough. That other writer probably knows more than I do. No one would care what I had to say. You think youre a fraud. In some ways, expertise is a form of confidence, not knowledge. It is always just beyond our reach, and that means we operate one step out of our comfort zone and have to gather the courage and confidence to project a landing on the other side. Maybe you cant write detailed magazine articles about brain surgery, but you can grab at those topics youd never considered that dont require specialist knowledge. That gap between what you comfortably know, and what you are supposed to produce, is often closed by research, practice, and a proven system involving drafts and editing. Take the small leaps and become an expert when you stick the landing. Thats how you keep growing as a writer. Mistake 6: You dont think youre an expert. 7. You prefer to be safe above anything else. Theres nothing wrong with being safe. Preferring safety above all else, though, means youll grab any low-paying job that floats by. Its money. You need money. Not having money is scary. Its safe to take on anything that brings in money.  Youd never consider turning down a chance to earn money, youd never gamble that something bigger and better is out there, because that is most certainly unsafe. I cant make promises and say that if you refuse the jobs that are priced to low, refuse the almost-free jobs that promise some form of exposure, that the Big One will land in your lap. It might not. Thats why its called a gamble: you sometimes take a chance and turn down those safe choices and set yourself up for the larger opportunities. Youll never land the Big One if you dont plan for it, and that planning wont happen when youre juggling endless low-paying jobs. Mistake 7: You prefer to be safe more than anything. 8. Youre terrified of confrontation. Youd rather do anything–ANYTHING–than deal with confrontation. But you know what negotiation is? Confrontation. And you know what asking for a livable rate is? Confrontation. Youre confronting the clients sincere desire to save money with your sincere desire to make a living. The best thing to do to get over being afraid of confrontation is to confront. You dont have to be aggressive, but letting your freelancing work be ruled by a fear of confrontation turns you into a doormat. Oh, how tempting it is for a client to use that fear of confrontation to get you to write a few extra draft ideas or give us some options or throw in a few hundred more words at the last minute before you get paid. Not all confrontation is angry, but it should be about fairness towards you and the client. And yes, some confrontation might lead to the end of a client account. Accept it and move on. Mistake 8: Youre terrified of confrontation. Learning to say no to clients is terrifying, but will help you get your work-life balance back. 9. The word no has yet to enter your vocabulary. Saying the word no is the only way youll keep your sanity, your health, and your abilities. Saying yes to everyone and every project is definitely going to lead to writer burnout and resentment. No, you dont have to take every project. No, being desperate is not always a good reason. No, you dont have time for that project though that doesnt mean the project isnt worthwhile for someone else. And  yes, its OK to ask to get paid some or all up front. Mistake 9: You dont know how to say no. 10. Your only goal is paying rent. What kind of goal do you have with your writing? Is it merely to cover this months bills, or to pay off debt that controls your life? Hopefully, you have something larger in mind for your lifes work. While you may not want to write down a comprehensive business plan, it certainly helps you to write down what you want to see happen with your writing, and then give it a timeline. For example,  if you have considerable debt or financial obligations that are driving you to take any and all jobs out of desperation, it might not hurt to get a side job for a while. Put debt reduction on the timeline and plan it out so you have an end goal to look forward to as you move on to the next step. Your writing should have a bigger goal than keeping you out of the hangmans noose. Hopefully, you want to achieve something more from your writing, such as being a published author with a book, or having a blog with X amount of daily traffic that you can live off of. Until you are out of the grip of financial terror, you wont even consider such goals and you wont take any steps to choose clients that can help you reach those goals. Youll take whatever you can get before the next bill is due. Your writing deserves to be more than insurance from debtors prison. Mistake 10: Your only goal is paying rent. 11. You are embarrassed to talk about yourself. Humility is in short supply these days, unfortunately, but when it comes to finding work and promoting yourself to a potential client, you need to be able talk about yourself realistically. For some people, talking about themselves, and talking themselves up is natural. But for some artists and writers (myself included), talking about your abilities in even mildly positive terms is very challenging because it feels like bragging. When asked, you dont have to say I am the greatest writer ever! but you should be able to say I have the experience and I can write this for you. If you find yourself quickly getting used to self-promotion, a word of caution: Dont over-promise and find yourself in a mess later because you actually dont have the chops to deliver what you promised. Be honest about what your abilities are. This includes things like: How quickly you can work. How many projects you can manage at once. What topics you are able to write on. Whether you can work with other writers or designers on a project. Technological capabilities. Do you know how youd answer if asked any of these? If not, this is a good time to take stock of what you can do, and be ready to answer confidently. Be confident, not cocky, about yourself. Theres no shame in that. Mistake 11: You are embarrassed to talk about yourself. 12. You think pricing is the only reason clients come back. A low price might be the only reason clients come back if their sole goal is saving a buck. (Do you really want those clients?) You forget that amazing service, fantastic writing, and an overall slice of awesome will trump cheap every time for clients worth your time. When you know you have the skills and the ability to deliver a great product, you can confidently ask for higher rates. And, when you deliver, your clients will have no problem the next time they come back for additional writing services. Clients who come back because you have cheap prices are clients that are going to make your life miserable. They arent there because of what you can do, theyre there because of what they plan to do. Theyre bean counters and are going to wring every last free drop out of you that they can. There is a strange inverse connection between the amount a client pays and the noise level they make. Clients that are at the level where they understand legitimate pricing also are professional enough to not bother or micromanage you. They trust your skills, as a professional. Cheap is cheap.

How to Reference an Ebook with Oxford Referencing Style

How to Reference an Ebook with Oxford Referencing Style How to Reference an Ebook with the Oxford Referencing Style When you reference an ebook using the Oxford referencing style, you must cite your source clearly so your reader can access it. Oxford referencing uses a note and bibliography system, so make sure to include full information in both footnotes and at the end of your document. Footnotes When citing a source in Oxford style referencing, indicate this using superscript numbers in the main body of your text (e.g., 1, 2, 3). Each number corresponds to a citation in a footnote. In the first citation of a source, you should provide full publication information. For an ebook, this will include where and when you accessed the source: n. Author Initial(s). Surname, Title, Publisher, City of Publication, Year, Page(s), Name of Database/URL, accessed date. For example: 1. R. Kelsall, I. Hamley and M. Geoghegan, Nanoscale Science and Technology, John Wiley Sons Ltd., Chichester, 2005, p. 26, The E-Book Library [online database, accessed 16 February 2013. If you cite the same source again, the footnote can be shortened to either just the author name and page numbers (for consecutive citations) or the author, a shortened title and page numbers for non-consecutive citations: 1. R. Kelsall, I. Hamley and M. Geoghegan, Nanoscale Science and Technology, John Wiley Sons Ltd., Chichester, 2005, p. 26, The E-Book Library [online database], accessed 16 February 2013. 2. Kelsall, Hamley and Geoghegan, pp. 32-34. 3. A. Nonymous, Another Book, Penguin, New York, 2002, p. 12. 4. Kelsall, Hamley Geoghegan, Nanoscale Science, p. 2. Bibliography In an Oxford referencing bibliography, the entry for an ebook requires the same information as in the first footnote, but without the page number(s). The other important difference is that the first-listed authors surname and initial are inverted so that you can order entries alphabetically by author surname: Author Surname, Initial(s)., Title, Publisher, City of Publication, Year, Name of Database/URL, accessed date. As such, the example given above would appear in the reference list as: Kelsall, R., I. Hamley and M. Geoghegan, Nanoscale Science and Technology, John Wiley Sons Ltd., Chichester, 2005, The E-Book Library [online database], accessed 16 February 2013. Of course, Proofed can help you with your references if you want to be double sure your work is correct. Upload your document today!

This reflective statement is an account of my journey towards my dream Essay

This reflective statement is an account of my journey towards my dream job - Essay Example This is a special secret, it seems to me, can be summarized into four C’s. They are curiosity, Confidence, Courage and Constancy and the greatest of these is Confidence.When you believe a thing, believe it all the way, implicitly and unquestionably. â€Å"I believe him; with confidence in myself, my dream of becoming an entrepreneur at my 20’s will be a reality. My passion for self-employment has been fueled by different experiences. First, it was influenced by the experience working on different levels in the Saudi government where I worked first as an account assistant was promoted to the top as a Controlling Management Accountant. (Parker, 2009) Self-awareness The H & R tests in my opinion are accurate and are very effective in analyzing and getting to know you better. I believe that the tests greatly helped me to learn myself better. I know understand my strengths, this is in connection to my personality. For example I have learnt that I can be a leader in differen t capacities as I have influence on people and people can actually listen to me. Thus I have realized that I do have leadership skills which before this course I had no idea I had. I have also realized and come into terms with my weakness and have hereby looked for ways of improving myself. I have also been given the opportunity of seeing what others see as my strengths and also what they view as my weakness. All this have given me the opportunity to understand myself and also given me a chance to look for ways of improving myself. The self-analysing tests that we took in the course of this unit has been geatly helpful to both my professional and personal development.I took a test to better appraise my personality type.I took an online test by Team Technology,whereby I identified my personality as the ENFJ personality.Individuals from this personality type put their energy in building harmony between people.They take the personal approach,appreciative of other people and accepts the m.They also tend to adapt to their new enviroment ,aim to understand other people’s needs and when working in a team tend to bring harmony within the group.I am more suited to work in a capacity where am costantly interacting with people.I believe that am propely placed in the research assistant job.The main weaknesses in this personality type is talking too much and taking critisism personally. The second test I took was the learning style test whereby I took an online learning style(learning-styles-online.com) where I was to be a social learning type .I am a good listener,able to understand others views and communicate easily with others whether verbally or non-verbally.Thus I can be very important to a organisation as I will be able to understand my customers views and also those of my colleagues.Learning my learning style has also influenced my studies here in the university as I know what to focus on. The last test I took was the VAK Test where I took an online test whic h is also an online test where by one’s learning style is identified.Am a auditory learning style kind of an individual whereby I gather information

Economics Coursework Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Economics Assignment - Coursework Example iew the decisions and behavior of individual households and firms in allocating limited resources.First to be considered are the demand drivers of the Toyota sedan.Toyota Motor Corp.s sedans have remained in high demand all over the world owing to the effective quality, design, pricing and reputed brand name of the company. The Camry remains the best-selling car in the United States for 13 out of the past 14 years and has effectively beaten competition from Hyundais Sonata, Kias Optimum and Fords Fusion. One major demand determinant is the price of the product and the prices of its competitor products. Toyota, through its effective lean management policies manages to price its sedans at competitive prices in the world market and through Total Quality Management, enforces high quality and safety standards in its cars that keep the demand high.Another demand driver is the rapidly growing population of the world and the even faster growing middle class as a result of increased income, r esulting in rise in demand for normal goods such as cars. For example, in India, the middle class enjoys a 4.9% increase in its annual income.Toyota Etios sedan sales in India are expected to go up by 32% in 2012. Moreover, the changing consumer tastes and preferences also determine the profitability of Toyota sedans.Consumers today demand fuel-efficient and eco-friendly cars accompanied with a more streamlined, comfortable andluxurious design. Toyota has launched sedans that cater to its customers demands. However, the global economic recession of 2008 adversely affected the sales of all automobile companies including Toyota since the depression hit the economies and the pockets of the public(Ball et al. 2012). Among supply factors, environmental conditions are significant. The 2011 Japan Tsunami wiped off 650 of Toyotas suppliers bringing the car production to a standstill and causing it to lose its sales by 7.8% in the U.S. market. Also, the recent Thai floods have caused parts

Why there may be greater potential for FDI activity in China rather Essay

Why there may be greater potential for FDI activity in China rather than India - Essay Example theories therefore inform that FDIs may be attracted to India as a result of its relatively lower labour costs, lower political risks and its closer proximity to developed OECD states. China on the other hand, may appeal to FDIs as a result of its large consumer market and its more impressive trade with developed OECD countries.3 This paper conducts a comparative analysis of FDI appeal in India and China with a view to demonstrating that there may be greater potential for FDI activity in China rather than India. In order to demonstrate the greater potential for FDI activity in China, this paper analyses TNC theories and the determinants of FDI inflows and outflows and examines these determinants in the context of India and China’s economy. This paper is therefore divided into three parts. The first part of this paper provides an analysis of TNC theories and the determinants of FDIs. The second part of this paper examines India’s economy and the final part of this paper examines China’s economy. Since the 1960s several theories of TNC have emerged helping to explain the factors that weigh in favour of or against TNCs investing abroad.4 Traditional neoclassical theory usually represented by eclectic or OLI theories (ownership, localization and internalization advantages) are typically used to explain and predict the â€Å"determinants of FDI†.5 The eclectic theory arose out of J. Markusen’s reconceptualization of John Dunning’s neoclassical theory of investment and trade. Dunning’s neoclassical theory takes the position that FDIs are selected by TNCs as a result of a â€Å"combinations of transport costs, factor endowments and country size.†6 Eclectic theory explains why a company would elect FDI as opposed to producing locally and exporting locally produced goods abroad and where the TNC would most likely direct its FDI. In this regard, Dunning’s eclectic theory identifies the â€Å"why, where and when/how decisions in terms of ownership,

Toyota Motor Manufacturing and its Problems Essay

Toyota Motor Manufacturing and its Problems - Essay Example In terms of purchasing, the seat made up the highest expenses of all purchased parts. The fabric made up almost half of its $740 cost (Mishina & Takeda, 2015). As a result, the company wishes to find out the immediate actions that should be taken so as to address the Camry seat problem. The company also wishes to examine whether the current method of handling seat defects that are the TMM method has been in line with the Toyota Production System’s philosophy. When the Toyota Motor Manufacturing was established in 1988 in Georgetown, the plant had a sole objective of producing 200,000 Camry seats that would replace the bulk of similar model imports from Japan. Toyota has an objective of providing cheaper and better cars for more people meaning that the company has to produce cars that meet the wide range of customer preferences with minimal flaws. The company also has to provide vehicles with perfect timing and at an affordable price. As Toyota was forced to cut its cost dramatically without large economies of scale compared to the American firms, the company needed a new source of economies in order to satisfy its customers with a wide variety, timeliness and quality at a reasonable price (Mishina &Takeda, 2015). The Toyota Production system, therefore, evolved as an answer to this challenge through eliminating wastes. The Toyota Motor Manufacturing sole supplier for seats was the Kentucky Framed Seat. As the cars went down the TMM’s assembly line, the seat assembly pieces in KFS had to do the same with the matching pieces emerging at one end fully inspected. A truckload of the fifty-eight seats would then arrive at TMM after thirty minutes. Upon reaching TMM, the seats would be offloaded to the staging line that was not big enough to accommodate the whole truckload. The seats, therefore, had to have to wait in the specific line until a space in the overhead conveyor. The conveyor line is  synchronized with the assembly line and runs above a panel of steel mesh that protects the cars and people below. The seats travel a quarter of a kilometer to the Final 1 which has the rear seat loading workstation.